Basic BMPs
Basic BMPs are the most common and least expensive way to control pollutant sources. These are also referred to as Minimum Required BMPs because all permitted facilities must implement them. Basic BMPs revolve around controlling pollutant sources through cleaning and other hands-on procedures. They include Good Housekeeping (e.g., sweeping and vacuuming), Preventative Maintenance (e.g., vehicle and equipment repair), Spill and Leak Prevention and Response (e.g., spill kits and containment structures), Material Handling and Waste Management (e.g., covering waste containers), and Erosion and Sediment Control (e.g., stabilizing erodible surfaces). If implemented diligently, Basic BMPs can be effective in controlling industrial pollutants and preventing sample exceedances.
Basic BMPs require time and dedicated personnel to be implemented effectively. For some facilities, Basic BMPs do not adequately prevent storm water pollution.
Intermediate BMPs
Intermediate BMPs can be used to supplement Basic BMPs and act as a safeguard against pollutants that may be overlooked during routine cleanup activities. Intermediate BMPs often include physical devices such as industrial wattles, drain filters, and media socks. These devices can be deployed in strategic areas at a facility and function to trap and filter solids, absorb oil, and reduce metals. Additionally, services such as street sweeping and power washing of industrial areas can also be crucial in reducing pollutants on your site. Intermediate BMPs are often a requirement for facilities with a Level 1 ERA status but may also be used by Baseline facilities to further prevent storm water pollution.
Facilities that have extensive outdoor activities or complex pollutant characteristics may be unable to effectively control pollutants through Basic or Intermediate BMPs. For these facilities, Advanced BMPs are most often needed.
Advanced BMPs
Advanced BMPs include Treatment Control (e.g., treatment systems), Containment and Discharge Reduction (e.g., ponds and storage tanks), and Exposure Minimization (e.g., covered areas). Selecting the appropriate Advanced BMPs depends on a variety of factors including site construction, activity type, and pollutant characteristics. Advanced BMPs have complex planning, permitting, and infrastructure requirements and need to be designed by a licensed Professional Engineer (PE). Advanced BMPs are required for facilities with a Level 2 ERA status but may also be used by Baseline or Level 1 facilities to ensure water quality and minimize regulatory and third-party liability.
